Upon logging into your account, you are restricted to only your account and cannot move outside of your account. When you log in, you are in what is known as the "root" of your account.
Your HTML files should be uploaded into the public_html folder. Any files not placed in this directory will not be accessible with a web browser.
You will also see other folders:
.neomail - Do not make any changes to this folder - it contains configuration files for every e-mail account you have set up.
mail - Do not make any changes to this folder either - it contains your e-mails.
public_ftp - This is your FTP folder that anonymous users can upload to if this is a facility that you want to make available. The benefit of using this folder is that your main web site files cannot be affected.
public_html - As mentioned above, all of your web files should be placed in this folder.
ssl - If you have installed a security certificate for your website, this is where all of the files are stored. Again, do not make any changes to this folder.
tmp - Do not make any changes to this folder - your web statistics are stored in this folder and are used when you view your stats from cPanel.
www - This is exactly the same as the public_html folder (it is called a linked directory)